Free biology 2e textbook available for download openstax. Free concepts of biology book available for download openstax. The effect of temperature on the development and survival of the peach fruit fly pff, bactrocera zonata saunders diptera. The seasonal abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens and the influence of temperature and rainfall on fly catches was determined in two agro ecological zones.
Field infestation, life history and demographic parameters. Oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel insecta. In this study, the morphometry and dna barcoding of different populations of b. Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of. Department of nuclear agriculture and radiation processing. From records in africa, 11 plant species were reported to be new hosts to the african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew, tsuruta and white, 2005.
Mating compatibility between bactrocera invadens and. An evaluation of the species status of bactrocera invadens and the systematics of the bactrocera dorsalis diptera. Optionally, the subgeneric names may be cited in parentheses after the generic name, as follows. Abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew. Bactrocera invadens is an invasive fruit fly species of asian origin that was first detected in kenya in 2003 and now has been reported in many parts of the african continent. Thirteen species of bactrocera and one species of dacus were collected during field surveys in bangladesh, including eight new country records, for a total of fifteen species confirmed to occur in the country. Susceptibility of four mango varieties to the africa. The chemical ecology of the oriental fruit fly bactrocera. Identification, current status and economic importance of bactrocera invadens. This diagnostic protocol was adopted by the standards committee on behalf of the commission on phytosanitary measures in february 2019. The level of infestation varied with location ranging from 3 to 36%.
Two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling genetic algorithm, maximum entropy were used to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens, based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental predictor variables. Concepts of biology is designed for the introductory biology course for nonmajors taught at most two and fouryear colleges. Mated females deposit eggs within the flesh of the fruit on a host plant. At most of the locations and especially at low elevations, b. Low environmental impact method for controlling the peach. Note that bactrocera invadens was not formally placed into the bactrocera dorsalis complex by drew et al. Tephritidae introduction synonymy distribution description life history hosts and damage quarantine and management selected references introduction back to top the oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel, is a very destructive pest of fruit in areas where. Comparative demography of bactrocera dorsalis hendel and. An online biology book estrella mountain community. Saharan africa, bactrocera invadens and ceratitis cosyra, under laboratory conditions. Field infestation rates of the invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens on citrus spp. Ispm 27 diagnostic protocols for regulated pests dp 29. Cold tolerance and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens. Study biology online for free by downloading openstaxs college biology 2e book and using our accompanying online resources including a biology study guide.
Bactrocera invadens was added to the eppo a2 list in 2010. The larvae then drop from the fruit to pupate in the soil. Larvae hatch in a few days and burrow into interior of the fruit to feed on the pulp for 4 12 days. Biology 2e is designed to cover the scope and sequence requirements. Host plants and host plant preference studies for bactrocera invadens diptera.
The attractiveness of volatiles from four different fruit species. This study investigated the presence, seasonal population abundance, and thermal biology of b. The information in this survey card also covers the information available for these formerly recognised species. Since the first detection of bactrocera dorsalis in botswana in 2010, the establishment, spread, and response to prevailing botswana microclimates under rapidly changing environments remain unknown. Biology 109 fundamentals of biology rancho santiago community. The following is a generalized life history for bactrocera fruit flies. Synonymization papahae key pest species within the bactrocera dorsalis species complex diptera. This book is the perfect amount of content for an introductory, nonmajors biology.
Pdf host plants and host plant preference studies for. Tephritidae from egg to adult was studied to understand the geographical pattern of occurrence of these fruit flyn1. Susceptibility of four mango varieties to the africa invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew, tsuruta and white diptera. Species composition and host range of fruitinfesting. A fuller datasheet may be prepared, however several studies published after its addition to the eppo a2 list have. An introduction to the fundamentals of biology including concepts of cellular. Larva general description the thirdinstar, which has a typical maggot appearance, is about 10. The following 96 pages are in this category, out of 96 total. Aftab hossain 2, shakil ahmed khan, michael san jose1, and daniel rubinoff1 1university of hawaii at manoa, department of plant and environmental protection sciences 3050 maile way, gilmore 310. The biology of these fruit flies is dependent on host plants that can serve as mating locations, oviposition sites for eggs, and nutrient resources for developing larvae. Fruit samples from 80 potential host plants wild and cultivated were collected and incubated for fly emergence. Bactrocera philippinensis was designated a synonym of b. Niche overlap of congeneric invaders supports a single.
Human biology open textbook library center for open education. Thermal biology and seasonal population abundance of. Tephritidae in kenya, a new invasive fruit fly species in africa. We examine overlap and similarity in the geographical expression of each species realised niche through reciprocal distribution models between africa. Concordance in morphometry and dna barcoding fathiya m. Tephritidae has spread rapidly across africa and currently poses a phytosanitary threat to the fruit industry of south africa.
Tephritidae control in ghana a thesis presented to the. Traps containing methyl eugenol were used in monitoring the abundance of the africa. Bactrocera bactrocera invadens is the name given to tephritid fruit flies that were introduced to east africa from sri lanka and subsequently invaded practically the whole of subsaharan africa, hence the species name invadens. This book could also serve as a basic science text for a science class that. Epicuticular chemistry reinforces the new taxonomic. Bactrocera latifrons hendel bactrocera zonata saunders the genus bactrocera is a very large one over 500 species and it is divided into groups of species called subgenera. The insect was described as bactrocera invadens, due to its rapid invasion of the african continent. In reaction a cold mitigating treatment to provide phytosanitary security to importing countries was developed in nairobi, kenya. Bridging the morphological and biological species concepts. Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of the invasive fruit fly bactrocera invadens diptera, tephritidae article pdf available in bulletin of entomological research 1001. Tephritidae common name african invader fruit fly taxonomic position. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more.
Bactrocera dorsalis has only recently been aligned with the former species b. Manuscript ii tibebe dejene biasazin, miriam frida karlsson, ylva hillbur, emiru seyoum, teun dekker 2014. White, is a major pest of mangoes mangifera indica l. Bactrocera invadens, an invasive fruit fly species in the afrotropical region belonging to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, causes considerable damage to fruit production and productivity. Identification, current status and economic importance of. Bactrocera invadens is the preferred 80% loss interafrican phytosanitary council of the au. Stonehouse indian institute of horticultural research, hessaraghatta lake p. Identification of host blends that attract the african invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens. International plant protection convention dp 291 ispm 27 diagnostic protocols for regulated pests dp 29. The peach fruit fly pff, bactrocera zonata saunders is known as a key pest of fruits in egypt. Pdf a preliminary survey of the fruit flies diptera. In 2003, a new fruit fly pest species was recorded for the first time in kenya and has subsequently been found in 28 countries across tropical africa. The complete mitochondrial genome of bactrocera carambolae. An intensive population census of bactrocera latifrons hendel identified 15 species of suitable host plants 11 solanaceous, 4 cucurbitaceous, 6 of them new host records.
Also included in this study, were other bactrocera species belonging to the b. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis within bactrocera was performed focusing on the placing of the b. Taxonomic identity of the invasive fruit fly pest, bactrocera invadens. It is extremely morphologically and genetically similar to the oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel. The south east asian sample is represented by sri lanka the presumed aboriginal home of b. Bactrocera dorsalis in largescale and smallscale orchards in ethiopia. Methyl eugenol can also be used for the quarantine monitoring of highly invasive species, such as bactrocera invadens by employing traps one per km or 100 ha and mapping the traps along with periodical collection of data anonymous, 2012. Bactrocera carambolae is one of the approximately 100 sibling species of the bactrocera dorsalis complex and considered to be very closely related to b. Many species of bactrocera have not been wellstudied. Pdf the potential distribution of bactrocera dorsalis. Study biology online free by downloading openstaxs concepts of biology book and using our accompanying online resources including a biology study guide. Fruit flies of economic significance in india,with special reference to bactrocera dorsalis hendel abraham verghese, h. Preliminary surveyhof fruit flies of bangladesh 51 a preliminary survey of the fruit flies diptera. African journal of agricultural research effect of.
Bactrocera dorsalis hendel and ceratitis capitata wiedemann are highly polyphagous fruit fly species and important pests of commercial fruit in regions of the world where they are present. The white, elongate, and elliptical egg measures about 1. The study was carried out at two experimental farms in ismailia governorate, egypt, during season of 2015 and 2016. Due to their high morphological similarity and overlapping distribution, as well as to their economic impact and quarantine status, the development of reliable markers for species delimitation between the two taxa is of great. Fruit flies of economic significance in india,with special. Social impact top of page human health and tourism would be affected if plantations treated with insecticides are. Bactrocera dorsalis is a member of the oriental fruit fly b. We studied host acceptance and clutch size decision as a function of fly egg load as physiological state and mango variety and ripeness stage as the environmental parameter in two major mango pests in sub. This species complex forms a group within the subgenus bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as bactrocera bactrocera dorsalis.
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